Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients Calculator

✖The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Raffinate.ⓘ Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate [Υc_R]			+10% -10%
✖The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Extract.ⓘ Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract [Υc_E]			+10% -10%
✖The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Raffinate.ⓘ Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate [Υa_R]			+10% -10%
✖The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Extract.ⓘ Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract [Υa_E]			+10% -10%

✖The Selectivity or Separation Factor is defined as the preferential uptake of the solute by the solvent over the carrier.ⓘ Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients [β_{C, A}]

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Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients

Formula

`"β"_{"C, A"} = ("Υc"_{"R"}/"Υc"_{"E"})/("Υa"_{"R"}/"Υa"_{"E"})`

Example

`"1.733333"=("4.16"/"1.6")/("1.8"/"1.2")`

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Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Selectivity = (Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract)/(Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract)
β_{C, A} = (Υc_R/Υc_E)/(Υa_R/Υa_E)
This formula uses 5 Variables

Variables Used

Selectivity - The Selectivity or Separation Factor is defined as the preferential uptake of the solute by the solvent over the carrier.
Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate - The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Raffinate.
Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract - The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Extract.
Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate - The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Raffinate.
Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract - The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Extract.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate: 4.16 --> No Conversion Required
Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract: 1.6 --> No Conversion Required
Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate: 1.8 --> No Conversion Required
Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract: 1.2 --> No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

β_{C, A} = (Υc_R/Υc_E)/(Υa_R/Υa_E) --> (4.16/1.6)/(1.8/1.2)

Evaluating ... ...

β_{C, A} = 1.73333333333333

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

1.73333333333333 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

1.73333333333333 ≈ 1.733333 <-- Selectivity

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Home » Engineering » Chemical Engineering » Mass Transfer Operations » Liquid-Liquid Extraction » Distribution Coefficient, Selectivity & Mass Ratio » Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients

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Created by Vaibhav Mishra

DJ Sanghvi College of Engineering (DJSCE), Mumbai

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< 12 Distribution Coefficient, Selectivity & Mass Ratio Calculators

Recovery of Solute in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

Go Recovery of Solute in Liquid-Liquid Extraction = 1-((Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate*Raffinate Phase Flowrate in LLE)/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed*Feed Flowrate in Liquid-Liquid Extraction))

Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients

Go Selectivity = (Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract)/(Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract)

Selectvity of Solute based on Mole Fractions

Go Selectivity = (Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract)/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solvent in Raffinate Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solvent in Raffinate Phase = Mass Fraction of Solvent in the Raffinate/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solute in Raffinate Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solute in Raffinate Phase = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solvent in Extract Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solvent in Extract Phase = Mass Fraction of Solvent in the Extract/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract)

Mass Ratio of Solute in Extract Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solute in Extract Phase = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract)

Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid from Activity Coefficients

Go Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid = Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract

Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid from Mass Fraction

Go Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid = Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate

Distribution Coefficient of Solute from Activity Coefficient

Go Distribution Coefficient of Solute = Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract

Distribution Coefficient of Solute from Mass Fractions

Go Distribution Coefficient of Solute = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate

Selectivity of Solute based on Distribution Coefficients

Go Selectivity = Distribution Coefficient of Solute/Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid

< 23 Important Formulas in Liquid-Liquid Extraction Calculators

Number of Extraction Stages by Kremser Equation

Go Number of Equilibrium Extraction Stages = (log10(((Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed-(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Solvent/Distribution Coefficient of Solute))/(((Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate-Mass Fraction of Solute in the Solvent)/Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))*(1-(1/Extraction Factor))+(1/Extraction Factor)))/(log10(Extraction Factor))

Number of Ideal Equilibrium Extraction Stages

Go Number of Equilibrium Extraction Stages = (log10(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed/N Stages Mass Fraction of Solute in Raffinate))/(log10(((Distribution Coefficient of Solute*Solute Free Extract Phase Flowrate in LLE)/Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction)+1))

Raffinate Phase Solute Concentration for N Number of Ideal Stage Extraction

Go N Stages Mass Fraction of Solute in Raffinate = ((Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction/(Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction+(Solute Free Extract Phase Flowrate in LLE*Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))^Number of Equilibrium Extraction Stages)*Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed

Feed Solute Concentration for N-number of Ideal Stage Extraction

Go Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed = N Stages Mass Fraction of Solute in Raffinate/((Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction/(Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction+(Solute Free Extract Phase Flowrate in LLE*Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))^Number of Equilibrium Extraction Stages)

Number of Stages for Extraction Factor equal to 1

Go Number of Equilibrium Extraction Stages = ((Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed-(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Solvent/Distribution Coefficient of Solute))/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate-(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Solvent/Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))-1

Raffinate Phase Solute Concentration for Single Ideal Stage Extraction

Go Single Stage Mass Fraction of Solute in Raffinate = (Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction/(Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction+(Solute Free Extract Phase Flowrate in LLE*Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))*Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed

Feed Solute Concentration for Single Ideal Stage Extraction

Go Mass Fraction of Solute in the Feed = Single Stage Mass Fraction of Solute in Raffinate/(Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction/(Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction+(Solute Free Extract Phase Flowrate in LLE*Distribution Coefficient of Solute)))

Recovery of Solute in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients

Selectvity of Solute based on Mole Fractions

Go Selectivity = (Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract)/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solvent in Raffinate Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solvent in Raffinate Phase = Mass Fraction of Solvent in the Raffinate/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solute in Raffinate Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solute in Raffinate Phase = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate)

Mass Ratio of Solvent in Extract Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solvent in Extract Phase = Mass Fraction of Solvent in the Extract/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract)

Mass Ratio of Solute in Extract Phase

Go Mass Ratio of Solute in Extract Phase = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/(Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract+Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract)

Extraction Factor based on Raffinate Point Slope

Go Extraction Factor = Raffinate Point Slope of Equilibrium Curve*Solute Free Solvent Flowrate in Extraction/Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction

Extraction Factor at Feed Point Slope of Equilibrium Curve

Go Extraction Factor = Feed Point Slope of Equilibrium Curve*Solute Free Solvent Flowrate in Extraction/Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction

Extraction Factor at Mean Slope of Equilibrium Curve

Go Extraction Factor = Mean Slope of Equilibrium Curve*Solute Free Solvent Flowrate in Extraction/Solute Free Feed Flowrate in Extraction

Geometric Mean of Equilibrium Line Slope

Go Mean Slope of Equilibrium Curve = sqrt(Feed Point Slope of Equilibrium Curve*Raffinate Point Slope of Equilibrium Curve)

Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid from Activity Coefficients

Go Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid = Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract

Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid from Mass Fraction

Go Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid = Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate

Distribution Coefficient of Solute from Activity Coefficient

Go Distribution Coefficient of Solute = Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract

Distribution Coefficient of Solute from Mass Fractions

Go Distribution Coefficient of Solute = Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate

Selectivity of Solute based on Distribution Coefficients

Go Selectivity = Distribution Coefficient of Solute/Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid

Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients Formula

What is Selectivity or Separation Factor?

The effectiveness of solvent B for separating a solution of A and C into its components measured by comparing the ratio of C to A in the B rich phase to that in the C rich phase at equilibrium and is called selectivity or separation factor. This is also analogous to relative volatility in distillation. Selectivity of the solute varies with the compositions of the two phases in equilibrium and depends upon temperature. It is unit at the Plait point at the compositions of the two phases becomes the same. It is preferable to use a solvent with selectivity higher than unity, though in some systems it varies from higher values to unity to fractional values. These systems are analogous to azeotropes.

What is Liquid-Liquid Extraction?

Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water (polar) and an organic solvent (non-polar). There is a net transfer of one or more species from one liquid into another liquid phase, generally from aqueous to organic. The transfer is driven by chemical potential, i.e. once the transfer is complete, the overall system of chemical components that make up the solutes and the solvents are in a more stable configuration (lower free energy). The solvent that is enriched in solute(s) is called extract. The feed solution that is depleted in solute(s) is called the raffinate.

How to Calculate Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients?

Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients calculator uses Selectivity = (Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract)/(Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract) to calculate the Selectivity, The Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients formula is defined as the ratio of activity coefficiens of solute in raffinate to carrier liquid raffinate to that of the solute in extract to carrier liquid in extract. Selectivity is denoted by β_{C, A} symbol.

How to calculate Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients, enter Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate (Υc_R), Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract (Υc_E), Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate (Υa_R) & Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract (Υa_E) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.733333 = (4.16/1.6)/(1.8/1.2).

FAQ

What is Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients?

The Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients formula is defined as the ratio of activity coefficiens of solute in raffinate to carrier liquid raffinate to that of the solute in extract to carrier liquid in extract and is represented as β_{C, A} = (Υc_R/Υc_E)/(Υa_R/Υa_E) or Selectivity = (Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract)/(Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract). The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Raffinate, The Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the solute to its molar concentration in the Extract, The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Raffinate & The Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract is defined as the ratio of the chemical activity of the Carrier Liquid to its molar concentration in the Extract.

How to calculate Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients?

The Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients formula is defined as the ratio of activity coefficiens of solute in raffinate to carrier liquid raffinate to that of the solute in extract to carrier liquid in extract is calculated using Selectivity = (Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract)/(Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate/Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract). To calculate Selectvity of Solute based on Activity Coefficients, you need Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate (Υc_R), Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract (Υc_E), Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate (Υa_R) & Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract (Υa_E). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate, Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract, Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate & Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

How many ways are there to calculate Selectivity?

In this formula, Selectivity uses Activity Coefficient of Solute in Raffinate, Activity Coefficient of Solute in Extract, Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liq in Raffinate & Activity Coefficient of Carrier Liquid in Extract. We can use 4 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -

Selectivity = (Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract)/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate)
Selectivity = Distribution Coefficient of Solute/Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid
Selectivity = Distribution Coefficient of Solute/Distribution Coefficient of Carrier Liquid
Selectivity = (Mass Fraction of Solute in the Extract/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Extract)/(Mass Fraction of Solute in the Raffinate/Mass Fraction of Carrier Liquid in the Raffinate)

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