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Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Calculator

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✖Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger.ⓘ Number of Tube-Side Passes [NTube Pass]
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✖Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit.ⓘ Friction Factor [Jf]
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✖Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger.ⓘ Length of Tube [LTube]
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✖Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account.ⓘ Pipe Inner Diameter [Dinner]
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✖Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid.ⓘ Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature [μfluid]
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✖Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it.ⓘ Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature [μWall]
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✖Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.ⓘ Fluid Density [ρfluid]
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✖Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which it flows over a surface.ⓘ Fluid Velocity [Vf]
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✖Tube Side Pressure Drop is the difference between inlet and outlet pressure of the tube side fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger.ⓘ Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow [ΔPTube Side]
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Formula
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Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow

Formula
`"ΔP"_{"Tube Side"} = "N"_{"Tube Pass"}*(8*"J"_{"f"}*("L"_{"Tube"}/"D"_{"inner"})*("μ"_{"fluid"}/"μ"_{"Wall"})^-0.25+2.5)*("ρ"_{"fluid"}/2)*("V"_{"f"}^2)`

Example
`"186.8716kPa"="4"*(8*"0.004"*("4.5m"/"11.5mm")*("1.005Pa*s"/"1.006Pa*s")^-0.25+2.5)*("995kg/m³"/2)*(("2.5m/s")^2)`

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Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary
Formula Used
Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
ΔPTube Side = NTube Pass*(8*Jf*(LTube/Dinner)*(μfluid/μWall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρfluid/2)*(Vf^2)
This formula uses 9 Variables
Variables Used
Tube Side Pressure Drop - (Measured in Pascal) - Tube Side Pressure Drop is the difference between inlet and outlet pressure of the tube side fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger.
Number of Tube-Side Passes - Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger.
Friction Factor - Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit.
Length of Tube - (Measured in Meter) - Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger.
Pipe Inner Diameter - (Measured in Meter) - Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account.
Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature - (Measured in Pascal Second) - Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid.
Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature - (Measured in Pascal Second) - Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it.
Fluid Density - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.
Fluid Velocity - (Measured in Meter per Second) - Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which it flows over a surface.
STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit
Number of Tube-Side Passes: 4 --> No Conversion Required
Friction Factor: 0.004 --> No Conversion Required
Length of Tube: 4.5 Meter --> 4.5 Meter No Conversion Required
Pipe Inner Diameter: 11.5 Millimeter --> 0.0115 Meter (Check conversion here)
Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature: 1.005 Pascal Second --> 1.005 Pascal Second No Conversion Required
Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature: 1.006 Pascal Second --> 1.006 Pascal Second No Conversion Required
Fluid Density: 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Fluid Velocity: 2.5 Meter per Second --> 2.5 Meter per Second No Conversion Required
STEP 2: Evaluate Formula
Substituting Input Values in Formula
ΔPTube Side = NTube Pass*(8*Jf*(LTube/Dinner)*(μfluid/μWall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρfluid/2)*(Vf^2) --> 4*(8*0.004*(4.5/0.0115)*(1.005/1.006)^-0.25+2.5)*(995/2)*(2.5^2)
Evaluating ... ...
ΔPTube Side = 186871.607064764
STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit
186871.607064764 Pascal -->186.871607064764 Kilopascal (Check conversion here)
FINAL ANSWER
186.871607064764 ≈ 186.8716 Kilopascal <-- Tube Side Pressure Drop
(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)
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Home » Engineering » Chemical Engineering » Process Equipment Design » Heat Exchangers » Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow

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Created by Rishi Vadodaria
Malviya National Institute Of Technology (MNIT JAIPUR ), JAIPUR
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17 Heat Exchangers Calculators

Pressure Drop of Vapor in Condensers given Vapors on Shell Side
Go Shell Side Pressure Drop = 0.5*8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)*(Shell Diameter/Equivalent Diameter)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)*((Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14)
Shell Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger
Go Shell Side Pressure Drop = (8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)*(Shell Diameter/Equivalent Diameter))*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)*((Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14)
Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient
Go Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient = Heat Transfer Factor*Reynold Number*(Prandlt Number^0.333)*(Thermal Conductivity/Equivalent Diameter)*((Fluid Viscosity at BulThermal Conductivity Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^0.14)
Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Turbulent Flow
Go Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow
Go Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
Reynolds Number for Condensate Film Outside Vertical Tubes in Heat Exchanger
Go Reynold Number = 4*Mass Flowrate/(pi*Pipe Outer Diameter*Number of Tubes*Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature)
Reynolds Number for Condensate Film Inside Vertical Tubes in Condenser
Go Reynold Number = 4*Mass Flowrate/(pi*Pipe Inner Diameter*Number of Tubes*Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature)
Number of Tubes in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Go Number of Tubes = 4*Mass Flowrate/(Fluid Density*Fluid Velocity*pi*(Pipe Inner Diameter)^2)
Shell Area for Heat Exchanger
Go Shell Area = (Tube Pitch-Pipe Outer Diameter)*Shell Diameter*(Baffle Spacing/Tube Pitch)
Stack Design Pressure Draft for Furnace
Go Draft Pressure = 0.0342*(Stack Height)*Atmospheric Pressure*(1/Ambient Temperature-1/Flue Gas Temperature)
Equivalent Diameter for Square Pitch in Heat Exchanger
Go Equivalent Diameter = (1.27/Pipe Outer Diameter)*((Tube Pitch^2)-0.785*(Pipe Outer Diameter^2))
Equivalent Diameter for Triangular Pitch in Heat Exchanger
Go Equivalent Diameter = (1.10/Pipe Outer Diameter)*((Tube Pitch^2)-0.917*(Pipe Outer Diameter^2))
Viscosity Correction Factor for Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Go Viscosity Correction Factor = (Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^0.14
Number of Transfer Units for Plate Heat Exchanger
Go Number Of Transfer Units-NTU = (Outlet Temperature-Inlet Temperature)/LMTD
Number of Tubes in Center Row Given Bundle Diameter and Tube Pitch
Go Number of Tubes in Vertical Tube Row = Bundle Diameter/Tube Pitch
Number of Baffles in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Go Number of Baffles = (Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)-1
Shell Diameter of Heat Exchanger Given Clearance and Bundle Diameter
Go Shell Diameter = Shell Clearance+Bundle Diameter

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Formula

Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
ΔPTube Side = NTube Pass*(8*Jf*(LTube/Dinner)*(μfluid/μWall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρfluid/2)*(Vf^2)

What are the Factors For Tube Side Pressure Drop?

Skin friction/pipe roughness plays a major role in pressure drop of the fluid. The other parameters that results are the contraction of fluid at tube inlet, expansion of fluid at tube outlet and due to continuous directional changes of tube side fluid.

How is Flow characterized as laminar or Turbulent Flow?

The flow Parameter characterizing is done on the basis of Reynolds number of a particular fluid. Reynolds number is basically the ratio of inertial force over viscous force. If the value of Reynolds number is less than 2100 in a pipe flow, we define the flow as LAMINAR while for Reynolds number greater than 2100 is defined as TURBULENT flow.

How to Calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow calculator uses Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2) to calculate the Tube Side Pressure Drop, The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25). Tube Side Pressure Drop is denoted by ΔPTube Side symbol.

How to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow, enter Number of Tube-Side Passes (NTube Pass), Friction Factor (Jf), Length of Tube (LTube), Pipe Inner Diameter (Dinner), Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature (μfluid), Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature (μWall), Fluid Density (ρfluid) & Fluid Velocity (Vf) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow calculation can be explained with given input values -> 0.255024 = 4*(8*0.004*(4.5/0.0115)*(1.005/1.006)^-0.25+2.5)*(995/2)*(2.5^2).

FAQ

What is Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?
The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25) and is represented as ΔPTube Side = NTube Pass*(8*Jf*(LTube/Dinner)*(μfluid/μWall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρfluid/2)*(Vf^2) or Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2). Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger, Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit, Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger, Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account, Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it, Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies & Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which it flows over a surface.
How to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?
The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25) is calculated using Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2). To calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow, you need Number of Tube-Side Passes (NTube Pass), Friction Factor (Jf), Length of Tube (LTube), Pipe Inner Diameter (Dinner), Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature (μfluid), Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature (μWall), Fluid Density (ρfluid) & Fluid Velocity (Vf). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Number of Tube-Side Passes, Friction Factor, Length of Tube, Pipe Inner Diameter, Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature, Fluid Density & Fluid Velocity and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.
How many ways are there to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop?
In this formula, Tube Side Pressure Drop uses Number of Tube-Side Passes, Friction Factor, Length of Tube, Pipe Inner Diameter, Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature, Fluid Density & Fluid Velocity. We can use 1 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -
  • Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
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