Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Calculator

✖Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger.ⓘ Number of Tube-Side Passes [N_{Tube Pass}]			+10% -10%
✖Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit.ⓘ Friction Factor [J_f]			+10% -10%
✖Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger.ⓘ Length of Tube [L_Tube]			+10% -10%
✖Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account.ⓘ Pipe Inner Diameter [D_inner]			+10% -10%
✖Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid.ⓘ Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature [μ_fluid]			+10% -10%
✖Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it.ⓘ Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature [μ_Wall]			+10% -10%
✖Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.ⓘ Fluid Density [ρ_fluid]			+10% -10%
✖Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which fluid flows inside a tube or pipe.ⓘ Fluid Velocity [V_f]			+10% -10%

✖Tube Side Pressure Drop is the difference between inlet and outlet pressure of the tube side fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger.ⓘ Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow [ΔP_{Tube Side}]

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Formula

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Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow

Formula

`"ΔP"_{"Tube Side"} = "N"_{"Tube Pass"}*(8*"J"_{"f"}*("L"_{"Tube"}/"D"_{"inner"})*("μ"_{"fluid"}/"μ"_{"Wall"})^-0.25+2.5)*("ρ"_{"fluid"}/2)*("V"_{"f"}^2)`

Example

`"186871.6Pa"="4"*(8*"0.004"*("4500mm"/"11.5mm")*("1.005Pa*s"/"1.006Pa*s")^-0.25+2.5)*("995kg/m³"/2)*(("2.5m/s")^2)`

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Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
ΔP_{Tube Side} = N_{Tube Pass}*(8*J_f*(L_Tube/D_inner)*(μ_fluid/μ_Wall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρ_fluid/2)*(V_f^2)
This formula uses 9 Variables

Variables Used

Tube Side Pressure Drop - (Measured in Pascal) - Tube Side Pressure Drop is the difference between inlet and outlet pressure of the tube side fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger.
Number of Tube-Side Passes - Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger.
Friction Factor - Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit.
Length of Tube - (Measured in Meter) - Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger.
Pipe Inner Diameter - (Measured in Meter) - Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account.
Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature - (Measured in Pascal Second) - Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid.
Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature - (Measured in Pascal Second) - Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it.
Fluid Density - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.
Fluid Velocity - (Measured in Meter per Second) - Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which fluid flows inside a tube or pipe.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Number of Tube-Side Passes: 4 --> No Conversion Required
Friction Factor: 0.004 --> No Conversion Required
Length of Tube: 4500 Millimeter --> 4.5 Meter (Check conversion here)
Pipe Inner Diameter: 11.5 Millimeter --> 0.0115 Meter (Check conversion here)
Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature: 1.005 Pascal Second --> 1.005 Pascal Second No Conversion Required
Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature: 1.006 Pascal Second --> 1.006 Pascal Second No Conversion Required
Fluid Density: 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Fluid Velocity: 2.5 Meter per Second --> 2.5 Meter per Second No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

ΔP_{Tube Side} = N_{Tube Pass}*(8*J_f*(L_Tube/D_inner)*(μ_fluid/μ_Wall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρ_fluid/2)*(V_f^2) --> 4*(8*0.004*(4.5/0.0115)*(1.005/1.006)^-0.25+2.5)*(995/2)*(2.5^2)

Evaluating ... ...

ΔP_{Tube Side} = 186871.607064764

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

186871.607064764 Pascal --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

186871.607064764 ≈ 186871.6 Pascal <-- Tube Side Pressure Drop

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Home » Engineering » Chemical Engineering » Process Equipment Design » Heat Exchangers » Basic Formulas Of Heat Exchanger Designs » Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow

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< 25 Basic Formulas Of Heat Exchanger Designs Calculators

Pressure Drop of Vapor in Condensers given Vapors on Shell Side

Go Shell Side Pressure Drop = 0.5*8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)*(Shell Diameter/Equivalent Diameter)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)*((Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14)

Shell Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger

Go Shell Side Pressure Drop = (8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)*(Shell Diameter/Equivalent Diameter))*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)*((Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14)

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Turbulent Flow

Go Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow

Reynolds Number for Condensate Film Outside Vertical Tubes in Heat Exchanger

Go Reynold Number = 4*Mass Flowrate/(pi*Pipe Outer Diameter*Number of Tubes*Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature)

Reynolds Number for Condensate Film Inside Vertical Tubes in Condenser

Go Reynold Number = 4*Mass Flowrate/(pi*Pipe Inner Diameter*Number of Tubes*Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature)

Number of Tubes in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Go Number of Tubes = 4*Mass Flowrate/(Fluid Density*Fluid Velocity*pi*(Pipe Inner Diameter)^2)

Shell Area for Heat Exchanger

Go Shell Area = (Tube Pitch-Pipe Outer Diameter)*Shell Diameter*(Baffle Spacing/Tube Pitch)

Stack Design Pressure Draft for Furnace

Go Draft Pressure = 0.0342*(Stack Height)*Atmospheric Pressure*(1/Ambient Temperature-1/Flue Gas Temperature)

Number of Transfer Units for Plate Heat Exchanger

Go Number of Transfer Units = (Outlet Temperature-Inlet Temperature)/Log Mean Temperature Difference

Equivalent Diameter for Triangular Pitch in Heat Exchanger

Go Equivalent Diameter = (1.10/Pipe Outer Diameter)*((Tube Pitch^2)-0.917*(Pipe Outer Diameter^2))

Equivalent Diameter for Square Pitch in Heat Exchanger

Go Equivalent Diameter = (1.27/Pipe Outer Diameter)*((Tube Pitch^2)-0.785*(Pipe Outer Diameter^2))

Viscosity Correction Factor for Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Go Viscosity Correction Factor = (Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^0.14

Pumping Power Required in Heat Exchanger Given Pressure Drop

Go Pumping Power = (Mass Flowrate*Tube Side Pressure Drop)/Fluid Density

Heat Exchanger Volume for Hydrocarbon Applications

Go Heat Exchanger Volume = (Heat Duty of Heat Exchanger/Log Mean Temperature Difference)/100000

Heat Exchanger Volume for Air Separation Applications

Go Heat Exchanger Volume = (Heat Duty of Heat Exchanger/Log Mean Temperature Difference)/50000

Provision for Thermal Expansion and Contraction in Heat Exchanger

Go Thermal Expansion = (97.1*10^-6)*Length of Tube*Temperature Difference

Number of Tubes in Eight Pass Triangular Pitch given Bundle Diameter

Go Number of Tubes = 0.0365*(Bundle Diameter/Pipe Outer Diameter)^2.675

Number of Tubes in Six Pass Triangular Pitch given Bundle Diameter

Go Number of Tubes = 0.0743*(Bundle Diameter/Pipe Outer Diameter)^2.499

Number of Tubes in Four Pass Triangular Pitch given Bundle Diameter

Go Number of Tubes = 0.175*(Bundle Diameter/Pipe Outer Diameter)^2.285

Number of Tubes in One Pass Triangular Pitch given Bundle Diameter

Go Number of Tubes = 0.319*(Bundle Diameter/Pipe Outer Diameter)^2.142

Number of Tubes in Two Pass Triangular Pitch given Bundle Diameter

Go Number of Tubes = 0.249*(Bundle Diameter/Pipe Outer Diameter)^2.207

Number of Tubes in Center Row Given Bundle Diameter and Tube Pitch

Go Number of Tubes in Vertical Tube Row = Bundle Diameter/Tube Pitch

Number of Baffles in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Go Number of Baffles = (Length of Tube/Baffle Spacing)-1

Shell Diameter of Heat Exchanger Given Clearance and Bundle Diameter

Go Shell Diameter = Shell Clearance+Bundle Diameter

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow Formula

What are the Factors For Tube Side Pressure Drop?

Skin friction/pipe roughness plays a major role in pressure drop of the fluid. The other parameters that results are the contraction of fluid at tube inlet, expansion of fluid at tube outlet and due to continuous directional changes of tube side fluid.

How is Flow characterized as laminar or Turbulent Flow?

The flow Parameter characterizing is done on the basis of Reynolds number of a particular fluid. Reynolds number is basically the ratio of inertial force over viscous force. If the value of Reynolds number is less than 2100 in a pipe flow, we define the flow as LAMINAR while for Reynolds number greater than 2100 is defined as TURBULENT flow.

How to Calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?

Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow calculator uses Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2) to calculate the Tube Side Pressure Drop, The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25). Tube Side Pressure Drop is denoted by ΔP_{Tube Side} symbol.

How to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow, enter Number of Tube-Side Passes (N_{Tube Pass}), Friction Factor (J_f), Length of Tube (L_Tube), Pipe Inner Diameter (D_inner), Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature (μ_fluid), Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature (μ_Wall), Fluid Density (ρ_fluid) & Fluid Velocity (V_f) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow calculation can be explained with given input values -> 186871.6 = 4*(8*0.004*(4.5/0.0115)*(1.005/1.006)^-0.25+2.5)*(995/2)*(2.5^2).

FAQ

What is Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?

The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25) and is represented as ΔP_{Tube Side} = N_{Tube Pass}*(8*J_f*(L_Tube/D_inner)*(μ_fluid/μ_Wall)^-0.25+2.5)*(ρ_fluid/2)*(V_f^2) or Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2). Number of Tube-Side Passes refers to the number of divisions in which the tubes are divided in the heat exchanger, Friction Factor is a dimensionless quantity used to characterize the amount of resistance encountered by a fluid as it flows through a pipe or conduit, Length of tube is the length which will be used during heat transfer in a exchanger, Pipe inner diameter is the inner diameter where in the flow of fluid takes place. Pipe thickness is not taken into account, Fluid viscosity at Bulk Temperature is a fundamental property of fluids that characterizes their resistance to flow. It is defined at the bulk temperature of the fluid, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature is defined at the temperature of the wall of pipe or surface at which the fluid is in contact with it, Fluid Density is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies & Fluid Velocity is defined as the speed with which fluid flows inside a tube or pipe.

How to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow?

The Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow formula is defined as difference between inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fluid that is allocated on tube side of shell and tube heat exchanger. For Laminar flow the viscosity Correction Exponent becomes (-0.25) is calculated using Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.25+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2). To calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop in Heat Exchanger for Laminar Flow, you need Number of Tube-Side Passes (N_{Tube Pass}), Friction Factor (J_f), Length of Tube (L_Tube), Pipe Inner Diameter (D_inner), Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature (μ_fluid), Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature (μ_Wall), Fluid Density (ρ_fluid) & Fluid Velocity (V_f). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Number of Tube-Side Passes, Friction Factor, Length of Tube, Pipe Inner Diameter, Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature, Fluid Density & Fluid Velocity and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

How many ways are there to calculate Tube Side Pressure Drop?

In this formula, Tube Side Pressure Drop uses Number of Tube-Side Passes, Friction Factor, Length of Tube, Pipe Inner Diameter, Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature, Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature, Fluid Density & Fluid Velocity. We can use 2 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -

Tube Side Pressure Drop = Number of Tube-Side Passes*(8*Friction Factor*(Length of Tube/Pipe Inner Diameter)*(Fluid Viscosity at Bulk Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Wall Temperature)^-0.14+2.5)*(Fluid Density/2)*(Fluid Velocity^2)
Tube Side Pressure Drop = (Pumping Power*Fluid Density)/Mass Flowrate

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