Carrier Lifetime Calculator

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Energy Band & Charge Carrier

Electrons & Holes

Semiconductor Carriers

SSD Junction

✖Proportionality for recombination is denoted by the symbol αr.ⓘ Proportionality for Recombination [α_r]			+10% -10%
✖Holes Concentration in Valance Band refers to the quantity or abundance of holes present in the valence band of a semiconductor material.ⓘ Holes Concentration in Valance Band [p₀]			+10% -10%
✖Electron Concentration in Conduction Band refers to the quantity or abundance of free electrons available for conduction in the conduction band of a semiconductor material.ⓘ Electron Concentration in Conduction Band [n₀]			+10% -10%

✖Carrier Lifetime is defined as the average time it takes for a minority carrier to recombine.ⓘ Carrier Lifetime [T_a]

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Formula

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Carrier Lifetime

Formula

`"T"_{"a"} = 1/("α"_{"r"}*("p"_{"0"}+"n"_{"0"}))`

Example

`"3.6E^-6s"=1/("1.2e-6m³/s"*("2.3e11/m³"+"1.4e7/m³"))`

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Download Energy Band & Charge Carrier Formulas PDF

Carrier Lifetime Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band))
T_a = 1/(α_r*(p₀+n₀))
This formula uses 4 Variables

Variables Used

Carrier Lifetime - (Measured in Second) - Carrier Lifetime is defined as the average time it takes for a minority carrier to recombine.
Proportionality for Recombination - (Measured in Cubic Meter per Second) - Proportionality for recombination is denoted by the symbol αr.
Holes Concentration in Valance Band - (Measured in 1 per Cubic Meter) - Holes Concentration in Valance Band refers to the quantity or abundance of holes present in the valence band of a semiconductor material.
Electron Concentration in Conduction Band - (Measured in 1 per Cubic Meter) - Electron Concentration in Conduction Band refers to the quantity or abundance of free electrons available for conduction in the conduction band of a semiconductor material.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Proportionality for Recombination: 1.2E-06 Cubic Meter per Second --> 1.2E-06 Cubic Meter per Second No Conversion Required
Holes Concentration in Valance Band: 230000000000 1 per Cubic Meter --> 230000000000 1 per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Electron Concentration in Conduction Band: 14000000 1 per Cubic Meter --> 14000000 1 per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

T_a = 1/(α_r*(p₀+n₀)) --> 1/(1.2E-06*(230000000000+14000000))

Evaluating ... ...

T_a = 3.62296787731761E-06

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

3.62296787731761E-06 Second --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

3.62296787731761E-06 ≈ 3.6E-6 Second <-- Carrier Lifetime

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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< 20 Energy Band & Charge Carrier Calculators

Intrinsic Carrier Concentration

Go Intrinsic Carrier Concentration = sqrt(Effective Density of State in Valence Band*Effective Density of State in Conduction Band)*exp(-Energy Gap/(2*[BoltZ]*Temperature))

Carrier Lifetime

Go Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band))

Energy of Electron given Coulomb's Constant

Go Energy of Electron = (Quantum Number^2*pi^2*[hP]^2)/(2*[Mass-e]*Potential Well Length^2)

Steady State Electron Concentration

Go Steady State Carrier Concentration = Electron Concentration in Conduction Band+Excess Carrier Concentration

Concentration in Conduction Band

Go Electron Concentration in Conduction Band = Effective Density of State in Conduction Band*Fermi Function

Effective Density of State

Go Effective Density of State in Conduction Band = Electron Concentration in Conduction Band/Fermi Function

Fermi Function

Go Fermi Function = Electron Concentration in Conduction Band/Effective Density of State in Conduction Band

Effective Density State in Valence Band

Go Effective Density of State in Valence Band = Holes Concentration in Valance Band/(1-Fermi Function)

Concentration of Holes in Valence Band

Go Holes Concentration in Valance Band = Effective Density of State in Valence Band*(1-Fermi Function)

Recombination Lifetime

Go Recombination Lifetime = (Proportionality for Recombination*Holes Concentration in Valance Band)^-1

Distribution Coefficient

Go Distribution Coefficient = Impurity Concentration in Solid/Impurity Concentration in Liquid

Liquid Concentration

Go Impurity Concentration in Liquid = Impurity Concentration in Solid/Distribution Coefficient

Net Rate of Change in Conduction Band

Go Proportionality for Recombination = Thermal Generation/(Intrinsic Carrier Concentration^2)

Thermal Generation Rate

Go Thermal Generation = Proportionality for Recombination*(Intrinsic Carrier Concentration^2)

Excess Carrier Concentration

Go Excess Carrier Concentration = Optical Generation Rate*Recombination Lifetime

Optical Generation Rate

Go Optical Generation Rate = Excess Carrier Concentration/Recombination Lifetime

Photoelectron Energy

Go Photoelectron Energy = [hP]*Frequency of Incident Light

Conduction Band Energy

Go Conduction Band Energy = Energy Gap+Valence Band Energy

Valence Band Energy

Go Valence Band Energy = Conduction Band Energy-Energy Gap

Energy Gap

Go Energy Gap = Conduction Band Energy-Valence Band Energy

< 15 Semiconductor Carriers Calculators

Intrinsic Carrier Concentration

Go Intrinsic Carrier Concentration = sqrt(Effective Density of State in Valence Band*Effective Density of State in Conduction Band)*exp(-Energy Gap/(2*[BoltZ]*Temperature))

Carrier Lifetime

Go Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band))

Radius of Nth Orbit of Electron

Go Radius of nth Orbit of Electron = ([Coulomb]*Quantum Number^2*[hP]^2)/(Mass of Particle*[Charge-e]^2)

Quantum State

Go Energy in Quantum State = (Quantum Number^2*pi^2*[hP]^2)/(2*Mass of Particle*Potential Well Length^2)

Electron Flux Density

Go Electron Flux Density = (Mean Free Path Electron/(2*Time))*Difference in Electron Concentration

Fermi Function

Go Fermi Function = Electron Concentration in Conduction Band/Effective Density of State in Conduction Band

Effective Density State in Valence Band

Go Effective Density of State in Valence Band = Holes Concentration in Valance Band/(1-Fermi Function)

Distribution Coefficient

Go Distribution Coefficient = Impurity Concentration in Solid/Impurity Concentration in Liquid

Electron Multiplication

Go Electron Multiplication = Number of Electron Out of Region/Number of Electron in Region

Excess Carrier Concentration

Go Excess Carrier Concentration = Optical Generation Rate*Recombination Lifetime

Electron Current Density

Go Electron Current Density = Total Carrier Current Density-Hole Current Density

Hole Current Density

Go Hole Current Density = Total Carrier Current Density-Electron Current Density

Mean Time Spend by Hole

Go Mean Time Spend by Hole = Optical Generation Rate*Majority Carrier Decay

Photoelectron Energy

Go Photoelectron Energy = [hP]*Frequency of Incident Light

Conduction Band Energy

Go Conduction Band Energy = Energy Gap+Valence Band Energy

Carrier Lifetime Formula

Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band))
T_a = 1/(α_r*(p₀+n₀))

How do you measure lifetime of a carrier?

Traditionally, direct electrical measurements of minority carrier lifetimes are made using direct current (DC) photoconductive decay (PCD) measurements, whereas non-invasive, contact-free lifetime measurements are made using time-resolved microwave reflectance (TMR), or time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL).

How to Calculate Carrier Lifetime?

Carrier Lifetime calculator uses Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band)) to calculate the Carrier Lifetime, The Carrier Lifetime formula is defined as carrier lifetime is defined as the average time it takes for a minority carrier to recombine. The process through which this is done is typically known as minority carrier recombination. Carrier Lifetime is denoted by T_a symbol.

How to calculate Carrier Lifetime using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Carrier Lifetime, enter Proportionality for Recombination (α_r), Holes Concentration in Valance Band (p₀) & Electron Concentration in Conduction Band (n₀) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Carrier Lifetime calculation can be explained with given input values -> 3.6E-6 = 1/(1.2E-06*(230000000000+14000000)).

FAQ

What is Carrier Lifetime?

The Carrier Lifetime formula is defined as carrier lifetime is defined as the average time it takes for a minority carrier to recombine. The process through which this is done is typically known as minority carrier recombination and is represented as T_a = 1/(α_r*(p₀+n₀)) or Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band)). Proportionality for recombination is denoted by the symbol αr, Holes Concentration in Valance Band refers to the quantity or abundance of holes present in the valence band of a semiconductor material & Electron Concentration in Conduction Band refers to the quantity or abundance of free electrons available for conduction in the conduction band of a semiconductor material.

How to calculate Carrier Lifetime?

The Carrier Lifetime formula is defined as carrier lifetime is defined as the average time it takes for a minority carrier to recombine. The process through which this is done is typically known as minority carrier recombination is calculated using Carrier Lifetime = 1/(Proportionality for Recombination*(Holes Concentration in Valance Band+Electron Concentration in Conduction Band)). To calculate Carrier Lifetime, you need Proportionality for Recombination (α_r), Holes Concentration in Valance Band (p₀) & Electron Concentration in Conduction Band (n₀). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Proportionality for Recombination, Holes Concentration in Valance Band & Electron Concentration in Conduction Band and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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