External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio Calculator

✖Internal Reflux Ratio refers to the ratio of liquid refluxed back to the column and the amount of vapor flowing out from the top of column.ⓘ Internal Reflux Ratio [R_in]

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✖External Reflux Ratio refers to the ratio of the liquid returned to the top of the distillation column (reflux) to the liquid withdrawn from the column (distillate).ⓘ External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio [R_ex]

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Formula

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External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio

Formula

`"R"_{"ex"} = "R"_{"in"}/(1-"R"_{"in"})`

Example

`"1.739726"="0.635"/(1-"0.635")`

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External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

External Reflux Ratio = Internal Reflux Ratio/(1-Internal Reflux Ratio)
R_ex = R_in/(1-R_in)
This formula uses 2 Variables

Variables Used

External Reflux Ratio - External Reflux Ratio refers to the ratio of the liquid returned to the top of the distillation column (reflux) to the liquid withdrawn from the column (distillate).
Internal Reflux Ratio - Internal Reflux Ratio refers to the ratio of liquid refluxed back to the column and the amount of vapor flowing out from the top of column.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Internal Reflux Ratio: 0.635 --> No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

R_ex = R_in/(1-R_in) --> 0.635/(1-0.635)

Evaluating ... ...

R_ex = 1.73972602739726

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

1.73972602739726 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

1.73972602739726 ≈ 1.739726 <-- External Reflux Ratio

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Created by Rishi Vadodaria

Malviya National Institute Of Technology (MNIT JAIPUR ), JAIPUR

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DJ Sanghvi College of Engineering (DJSCE), Mumbai

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< 25 Distillation Tower Design Calculators

Relative Volatility of Two Components Based on Normal Boiling Point and Latent Heat of Vaporization

Go Relative Volatility = exp(0.25164*((1/Normal Boiling Point of Component 1)-(1/Normal Boiling Point of Component 2))*(Latent Heat of Vaporization of Component 1+Latent Heat of Vaporization of Component 2))

Maximum Allowable Vapor Velocity given Plate Spacing and Fluid Densities

Go Maximum Allowable Vapor Velocity = (-0.171*(Plate Spacing)^2+0.27*Plate Spacing-0.047)*((Liquid Density-Vapor Density in Distillation)/Vapor Density in Distillation)^0.5

Column Diameter given Maximum Vapor Rate and Maximum Vapor Velocity

Go Column Diameter = sqrt((4*Vapor Mass Flowrate)/(pi*Vapor Density in Distillation*Maximum Allowable Vapor Velocity))

Tower Cross Sectional Area given Gas Volumetric Flow and Flooding Velocity

Go Tower Cross Sectional Area = Volumetric Gas Flow/((Fractional Approach to Flooding Velocity*Flooding Velocity)*(1-Fractional Downcomer Area))

Minimum External Reflux given Compositions

Go External Reflux Ratio = (Distillate Composition-Equilibrium Vapor Composition)/(Equilibrium Vapor Composition-Equilibrium Liquid Composition)

Maximum Allowable Mass Velocity using Bubble Cap Trays

Go Maximum Allowable Mass Velocity = Entrainment Factor*(Vapor Density in Distillation*(Liquid Density-Vapor Density in Distillation)^(1/2))

Minimum Internal Reflux given Compositions

Go Internal Reflux Ratio = (Distillate Composition-Equilibrium Vapor Composition)/(Distillate Composition-Equilibrium Liquid Composition)

Dry Plate Pressure Drop in Distillation Column Design

Go Dry Plate Head Loss = 51*((Vapor Velocity Based on Hole Area/Orifice Coefficient)^2)*(Vapor Density in Distillation/Liquid Density)

Flooding Velocity in Distillation Column Design

Go Flooding Velocity = Capacity Factor*((Liquid Density-Vapor Density in Distillation)/Vapor Density in Distillation)^0.5

Weep Point Velocity in Distillation Column Design

Go Weep Point Vapor Velocity Based on Hole Area = (Weep Point Correlation Constant-0.90*(25.4-Hole Diameter))/((Vapor Density in Distillation)^0.5)

Liquid Vapor Flow Factor in Distillation Column Design

Go Flow Factor = (Liquid Mass Flowrate/Vapor Mass Flowrate)*((Vapor Density in Distillation/Liquid Density)^0.5)

Downcomer Residence Time in Distillation Column

Go Residence Time = (Downcomer Area*Clear Liquid Backup*Liquid Density)/Liquid Mass Flowrate

Internal Reflux Ratio Based on Liquid and Distillate Flowrates

Go Internal Reflux Ratio = Liquid Reflux Flowrate/(Liquid Reflux Flowrate+Distillate Flowrate)

Column Diameter Based on Vapor Flowrate and Mass Velocity of Vapor

Go Column Diameter = ((4*Vapor Mass Flowrate)/(pi*Maximum Allowable Mass Velocity))^(1/2)

Head Loss in Downcomer of Tray Tower

Go Downcomer Headloss = 166*((Liquid Mass Flowrate/(Liquid Density*Downcomer Area)))^2

Height of Liquid Crest over Weir

Go Weir Crest = (750/1000)*((Liquid Mass Flowrate/(Weir Length*Liquid Density))^(2/3))

Active Area given Gas Volumetric Flow and Flow Velocity

Go Active Area = Volumetric Gas Flow/(Fractional Downcomer Area*Flooding Velocity)

Fractional Downcomer Area given Total Cross Sectional Area

Go Fractional Downcomer Area = 2*(Downcomer Area/Tower Cross Sectional Area)

Fractional Active Area given Downcomer Area and Total Column Area

Go Fractional Active Area = 1-2*(Downcomer Area/Tower Cross Sectional Area)

Internal Reflux Ratio Given External Reflux Ratio

Go Internal Reflux Ratio = External Reflux Ratio/(External Reflux Ratio+1)

Tower Cross Sectional Area given Fractional Active Area

Go Tower Cross Sectional Area = Active Area/(1-Fractional Downcomer Area)

Tower Cross Sectional Area given Active Area

Go Tower Cross Sectional Area = Active Area/(1-Fractional Downcomer Area)

Clearance Area under Downcomer given Weir Length and Apron Height

Go Clearance Area Under Downcomer = Apron Height*Weir Length

Fractional Active Area given Fractional Downcomer Area

Go Fractional Active Area = 1-Fractional Downcomer Area

Residual Head Loss in Pressure in Distillation Column

Go Residual Head Loss = (12.5*10^3)/Liquid Density

External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio Formula

External Reflux Ratio = Internal Reflux Ratio/(1-Internal Reflux Ratio)
R_ex = R_in/(1-R_in)

What is the Significance of Internal Reflux Ratio?

The internal reflux ratio is a crucial parameter in distillation processes and plays a significant role in determining the efficiency of the separation achieved within a distillation column. The internal reflux ratio impacts the vapor-liquid equilibrium conditions in the distillation column. This is crucial for achieving the desired separation of components based on their boiling points. The internal reflux ratio is a critical parameter in distillation processes, impacting the separation efficiency, temperature profile, and energy consumption of the system.

How Reflux Ratio Impacts the Separation Process in Distillation?

The reflux ratio in a distillation column is a key parameter that significantly influences the separation process. The reflux ratio is the ratio of the liquid returned to the top of the column (reflux) to the vapor taken off from the top of the column (distillate). It plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency of the separation of components in the distillation column.
The reflux ratio affects the temperature profile along the height of the distillation column. Higher reflux ratios lead to lower temperatures in the upper sections of the column, while lower reflux ratios result in higher temperatures. This temperature control is crucial for achieving the desired separation of components.

How to Calculate External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio?

External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio calculator uses External Reflux Ratio = Internal Reflux Ratio/(1-Internal Reflux Ratio) to calculate the External Reflux Ratio, The External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio formula signifies the interdependence between the internal and external reflux ratios in a distillation process during steady state process. External Reflux Ratio is denoted by R_ex symbol.

How to calculate External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio, enter Internal Reflux Ratio (R_in) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.739726 = 0.635/(1-0.635).

FAQ

What is External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio?

The External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio formula signifies the interdependence between the internal and external reflux ratios in a distillation process during steady state process and is represented as R_ex = R_in/(1-R_in) or External Reflux Ratio = Internal Reflux Ratio/(1-Internal Reflux Ratio). Internal Reflux Ratio refers to the ratio of liquid refluxed back to the column and the amount of vapor flowing out from the top of column.

How to calculate External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio?

The External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio formula signifies the interdependence between the internal and external reflux ratios in a distillation process during steady state process is calculated using External Reflux Ratio = Internal Reflux Ratio/(1-Internal Reflux Ratio). To calculate External Reflux Ratio given Internal Reflux Ratio, you need Internal Reflux Ratio (R_in). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Internal Reflux Ratio and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

How many ways are there to calculate External Reflux Ratio?

In this formula, External Reflux Ratio uses Internal Reflux Ratio. We can use 1 other way(s) to calculate the same, which is/are as follows -

External Reflux Ratio = (Distillate Composition-Equilibrium Vapor Composition)/(Equilibrium Vapor Composition-Equilibrium Liquid Composition)

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