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Fundamentals of Analog Communications

Amplitude Modulation Characteristics

Analog Noise and Power Analysis

DSBSC Modulation

Frequency Modulation

Sideband and Frequency Modulation

✖Amplitude of Carrier Signal is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal. The modulating signal is the signal that contains the information to be transmitted.ⓘ Amplitude of Carrier Signal [A_c]			+10% -10%
✖Modulation Index states the level of modulation that a carrier wave undergoes.ⓘ Modulation Index [μ]			+10% -10%

✖Minimum Amplitude Of AM Wave is the minimum amount of displacement of a particle on the medium from its rest position.ⓘ Minimum Amplitude [A_min]

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Formula

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Minimum Amplitude

Formula

`"A"_{"min"} = "A"_{"c"}*(1-"μ"^2)`

Example

`"14.7968V"="17V"*(1-("0.36")^2)`

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Minimum Amplitude Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2)
A_min = A_c*(1-μ^2)
This formula uses 3 Variables

Variables Used

Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave - (Measured in Volt) - Minimum Amplitude Of AM Wave is the minimum amount of displacement of a particle on the medium from its rest position.
Amplitude of Carrier Signal - (Measured in Volt) - Amplitude of Carrier Signal is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal. The modulating signal is the signal that contains the information to be transmitted.
Modulation Index - Modulation Index states the level of modulation that a carrier wave undergoes.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Amplitude of Carrier Signal: 17 Volt --> 17 Volt No Conversion Required
Modulation Index: 0.36 --> No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

A_min = A_c*(1-μ^2) --> 17*(1-0.36^2)

Evaluating ... ...

A_min = 14.7968

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

14.7968 Volt --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

14.7968 Volt <-- Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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< 24 Fundamentals of Analog Communications Calculators

Modulation Index with respect to Maximum and Minimum Amplitude

Go Modulation Index = (Maximum Amplitude of AM Wave-Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave)/(Maximum Amplitude of AM Wave+Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave)

Image Rejection Ratio

Go Image Rejection Ratio = (Image Frequency/Received Signal Frequency)-(Received Signal Frequency/Image Frequency)

Phase Constant of Distortion Less Line

Go Phase Constant of Distortion Less Line = Angular Velocity*sqrt(Inductance*Capacitance)

Quality Factor of Tuned Circuit

Go Quality Factor of Tuned Circuit = (2*pi*Resonant Frequency*Inductance)/Resistance

Modulation Index with respect to Power

Go Modulation Index = sqrt(2*((Average Total Power of AM Wave/Average Carrier Power of AM Wave)-1))

Cyclic Frequency of Superheterodyne Receiver

Go Cyclic Frequency = 1/(2*pi*sqrt(Inductance*Capacitance))

Rejection Ratio

Go Rejection Ratio = sqrt(1+(Quality Factor of Tuned Circuit^2*Image Rejection Ratio^2))

Image Frequency Rejection Ratio of Superheterodyne Receiver

Go Image Frequency Rejection Ratio = sqrt(1+(Quality Factor)^2*(Coupling Factor)^2)

Phase Velocity of Distortion Less Line

Go Phase Velocity of Distortion Less Line = 1/sqrt(Inductance*Capacitance)

Amplitude of Carrier Signal

Go Amplitude of Carrier Signal = (Maximum Amplitude of AM Wave+Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave)/2

Modulation Index with respect to Amplitude Sensitivity

Go Modulation Index = Amplitude Sensitivity of Modulator*Amplitude of Modulating Signal

Maximum Amplitude

Go Maximum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1+Modulation Index^2)

Minimum Amplitude

Go Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2)

Intermediate Frequency

Go Intermediate Frequency = (Local Oscillation Frequency-Received Signal Frequency)

Transmission Efficiency with respect to Modulation Index

Go Transmission Efficiency of AM Wave = Modulation Index^2/(2+Modulation Index^2)

Modulation Index

Go Modulation Index = Amplitude of Modulating Signal/Amplitude of Carrier Signal

Bandwidth of Tuned Circuit

Go Tuned Circuit Bandwidth = Resonant Frequency/Quality Factor of Tuned Circuit

Deviation Ratio

Go Deviation Ratio = Maximum Frequency Deviation/Maximum Modulating Frequency

Image Frequency

Go Image Frequency = Received Signal Frequency+(2*Intermediate Frequency)

Carrier Frequency

Go Carrier Frequency = Angular Frequency of Modulating Signal/(2*pi)

Carrier Power

Go Carrier Power = (Amplitude of Carrier Signal^2)/(2*Resistance)

Crest Factor

Go Crest Factor = Peak Value of Signal/RMS Value of Signal

Figure of Merit of Superheterodyne Receiver

Go Figure of Merit = 1/Noise Figure

Noise Figure of Superheterodyne Receiver

Go Noise Figure = 1/Figure of Merit

Minimum Amplitude Formula

Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2)
A_min = A_c*(1-μ^2)

How minimum amplitude can be determined?

Minimum amplitude can be determined if the amplitude of carrier signal and the modulation index is given to us. It is expressed as:
Minimum amplitude, Amin= Ac;(1-μ)
where, Ac;= amplitude of carrier signal
and μ= modulation index

How to Calculate Minimum Amplitude?

Minimum Amplitude calculator uses Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2) to calculate the Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave, Minimum amplitude is the least amplitude of the modulating wave. It is the minimum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave is denoted by A_min symbol.

How to calculate Minimum Amplitude using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Minimum Amplitude, enter Amplitude of Carrier Signal (A_c) & Modulation Index (μ) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Minimum Amplitude calculation can be explained with given input values -> 14.7968 = 17*(1-0.36^2).

FAQ

What is Minimum Amplitude?

Minimum amplitude is the least amplitude of the modulating wave. It is the minimum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position and is represented as A_min = A_c*(1-μ^2) or Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2). Amplitude of Carrier Signal is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal. The modulating signal is the signal that contains the information to be transmitted & Modulation Index states the level of modulation that a carrier wave undergoes.

How to calculate Minimum Amplitude?

Minimum amplitude is the least amplitude of the modulating wave. It is the minimum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position is calculated using Minimum Amplitude of AM Wave = Amplitude of Carrier Signal*(1-Modulation Index^2). To calculate Minimum Amplitude, you need Amplitude of Carrier Signal (A_c) & Modulation Index (μ). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Amplitude of Carrier Signal & Modulation Index and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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