Critical Frequency of Ionosphere Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary
Formula Used
Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)
Fc = 9*sqrt(Nmax)
This formula uses 1 Functions, 2 Variables
Functions Used
sqrt - A square root function is a function that takes a non-negative number as an input and returns the square root of the given input number., sqrt(Number)
Variables Used
Critical Frequency of Ionosphere - (Measured in Hertz) - Critical Frequency of Ionosphere is the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere.
Electron Density - (Measured in 1 per Cubic Meter) - Electron Density refers to the concentration or number of electrons per unit volume in a given material or medium.
STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit
Electron Density: 20000000000 1 per Cubic Centimeter --> 2E+16 1 per Cubic Meter (Check conversion here)
STEP 2: Evaluate Formula
Substituting Input Values in Formula
Fc = 9*sqrt(Nmax) --> 9*sqrt(2E+16)
Evaluating ... ...
Fc = 1272792206.13579
STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit
1272792206.13579 Hertz --> No Conversion Required
FINAL ANSWER
1272792206.13579 1.3E+9 Hertz <-- Critical Frequency of Ionosphere
(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

Credits

Created by Shobhit Dimri
Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat
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16 Wave Propagation Calculators

Field Strength of Space Wave
Go Field Strength = (4*pi*Electric Field*Height of Receiving Antenna*Height of Transmitting Antenna)/(Wavelength*Antenna Distance^2)
Skin Depth or Depth of Penetration
Go Skin Depth = 1/Conductivity of Antenna*sqrt(pi*Relative Permeability*[Permeability-vacuum]*Frequency of Conductor Loop)
Phase Difference between Radio Waves
Go Phase Difference = 4*pi*Height of Receiving Antenna*Height of Transmitting Antenna/(Antenna Distance*Wavelength)
Height of Layer
Go Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1))
Maximum Usable Frequency
Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height) )^2)
Propagation Distance
Go Skip Distance = 2*Ionospheric Layer Height*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1)
Line of Sight
Go Line of Sight = 3577*(sqrt(Height of Receiving Antenna)+sqrt(Height of Transmitting Antenna))
Skip Distance
Go Skip Distance = 2*Reflection Height*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency/Critical Frequency)^2-1)
Refractive Index of Ionosphere
Go Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))
Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region
Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)
Normal of Reflecting Plane
Go Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta)
Wavelength of Plane
Go Wavelength = Normal of Reflecting Plane*cos(Theta)
Parallel of Reflecting Plane
Go Parallel of Reflecting = Wavelength/sin(Theta)
Electron Density
Go Electron Density = ((1-Refractive Index^2)*Operating Frequency^2)/81
Critical Frequency of Ionosphere
Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)
Antenna Beamwidth
Go Antenna Beamwidth = (70*Wavelength)/Antenna Diameter

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere Formula

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)
Fc = 9*sqrt(Nmax)

What is Ionospheric Propagation?

In radio communication, skywave or skip refers to the propagation of radio waves reflected or refracted back toward Earth from the ionosphere, an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. Line-of-sight propagation, in which radio waves travel in a straight line, the dominant mode at higher frequencies.

How to Calculate Critical Frequency of Ionosphere?

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere calculator uses Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density) to calculate the Critical Frequency of Ionosphere, The Critical Frequency of Ionosphere formula is defined as the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere. Critical Frequency of Ionosphere is denoted by Fc symbol.

How to calculate Critical Frequency of Ionosphere using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Critical Frequency of Ionosphere, enter Electron Density (Nmax) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Critical Frequency of Ionosphere calculation can be explained with given input values -> 1.3E+9 = 9*sqrt(2E+16).

FAQ

What is Critical Frequency of Ionosphere?
The Critical Frequency of Ionosphere formula is defined as the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere and is represented as Fc = 9*sqrt(Nmax) or Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density). Electron Density refers to the concentration or number of electrons per unit volume in a given material or medium.
How to calculate Critical Frequency of Ionosphere?
The Critical Frequency of Ionosphere formula is defined as the highest magnitude of frequency above which the waves penetrate the ionosphere and below which the waves are reflected back from the ionosphere is calculated using Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density). To calculate Critical Frequency of Ionosphere, you need Electron Density (Nmax). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Electron Density and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.
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