Degree of restraint (Butt joints) Calculator

✖Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint is shrinkage produced when there is no restriction on the joint.ⓘ Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint [S]			+10% -10%
✖Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint is shrinkage produced when the mobility of the joint was restricted.ⓘ Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint [S_res]			+10% -10%

✖Degree of restraint is defined as the amount of reaction stress for a unit transverse shrinkage.ⓘ Degree of restraint (Butt joints) [k_s]

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Formula

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Degree of restraint (Butt joints)

Formula

`"k"_{"s"} = ((1000/86)*(("S"/"S"_{"res"})-1))^(1/0.87)`

Example

`"647.3872"=((1000/86)*(("100mm"/"4mm")-1))^(1/0.87)`

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Degree of restraint (Butt joints) Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87)
k_s = ((1000/86)*((S/S_res)-1))^(1/0.87)
This formula uses 3 Variables

Variables Used

Degree of Restraint - Degree of restraint is defined as the amount of reaction stress for a unit transverse shrinkage.
Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint - (Measured in Meter) - Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint is shrinkage produced when there is no restriction on the joint.
Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint - (Measured in Meter) - Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint is shrinkage produced when the mobility of the joint was restricted.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint: 100 Millimeter --> 0.1 Meter (Check conversion here)
Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint: 4 Millimeter --> 0.004 Meter (Check conversion here)

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

k_s = ((1000/86)*((S/S_res)-1))^(1/0.87) --> ((1000/86)*((0.1/0.004)-1))^(1/0.87)

Evaluating ... ...

k_s = 647.387227726476

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

647.387227726476 --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

647.387227726476 ≈ 647.3872 <-- Degree of Restraint

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Home » Engineering » Production Engineering » Welding » Distortion in Weldments » Transverse Shrinkage in Joints » Butt Joints » Degree of restraint (Butt joints)

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Created by Rajat Vishwakarma

University Institute of Technology RGPV (UIT - RGPV), Bhopal

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< 14 Butt Joints Calculators

Total transverse shrinkage during multi-pass welding of butt joint

Go Total Transverse Shrinkage = Transverse Shrinkage in First Pass+Constant for Multi-Pass Shrinkage*(log10(Total Weight of Weld Metal Deposited/Weld Metal Deposited in First Pass))

Transverse Shrinkage in First Pass given Total Shrinkage

Go Transverse Shrinkage in First Pass = Total Transverse Shrinkage-Constant for Multi-Pass Shrinkage*(log10(Total Weight of Weld Metal Deposited/Weld Metal Deposited in First Pass))

Metal Deposited in First Pass of Welding given Transverse Shrinkage

Go Weld Metal Deposited in First Pass = Total Weight of Weld Metal Deposited/(10^((Total Transverse Shrinkage-Transverse Shrinkage in First Pass)/Constant for Multi-Pass Shrinkage))

Total Metal Deposited in Weld given Total Transverse Shrinkage

Go Total Weight of Weld Metal Deposited = Weld Metal Deposited in First Pass*(10^((Total Transverse Shrinkage-Transverse Shrinkage in First Pass)/Constant for Multi-Pass Shrinkage))

Plate thickness for given transverse shrinkage in butt joints

Go Plate Thickness in Butt joint = (5.08*Cross‑Sectional Area of Weld)/(Transverse Shrinkage of Butt Joint-(1.27*Root Opening))

Transverse Shrinkage in Butt Joints

Go Transverse Shrinkage of Butt Joint = (5.08*(Cross‑Sectional Area of Weld/Plate Thickness in Butt joint))+(1.27*Root Opening)

Cross-sectional area of weld for given transverse shrinkage in butt joints

Go Cross‑Sectional Area of Weld = (Plate Thickness in Butt joint*(Transverse Shrinkage of Butt Joint-1.27*Root Opening))/5.08

Root Opening given Transverse Shrinkage

Go Root Opening = (Transverse Shrinkage of Butt Joint-5.08*(Cross‑Sectional Area of Weld/Plate Thickness in Butt joint))/1.27

Degree of restraint (Butt joints)

Go Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87)

Shrinkage of unrestrained joint from given shrinkage of restrained Butt joint

Go Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint = Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint*(1+0.086*Degree of Restraint^0.87)

Transverse shrinkage of restrained joint

Go Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint = Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/(1+0.086*Degree of Restraint^0.87)

Depth of first V-groove for minimum distortion of Butt joint

Go Depth of the First V‑Groove = (0.62*Depth of the Last V‑groove+0.12*Depth of Root Face)/0.38

Depth of last V-groove for minimum distortion of Butt joint

Go Depth of the Last V‑groove = (0.38*Depth of the First V‑Groove-0.12*Depth of Root Face)/0.62

Depth of root face for minimum distortion of Butt joint

Go Depth of Root Face = (0.38*Depth of the First V‑Groove-0.62*Depth of the Last V‑groove)/0.12

Degree of restraint (Butt joints) Formula

Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87)
k_s = ((1000/86)*((S/S_res)-1))^(1/0.87)

What is called Distortion in welding terms ?

One of the major problems found with weldments is the distortion. Distortion is caused mainly because of the shrinkage that take place in weldments. The shrinkage taking place in a weldment depends upon the geometry and type of the weld. There are three types of distortions possible in weldments.

(a) Transverse shrinkage occurring perpendicular to the weld line.
(b) Longitudinal shrinkage occurring parallel to the weld line, which is very small of the order of about 0.1% of the weld length and hence can be neglected.
(c) Angular change as a rotation about the weld line.

How to Calculate Degree of restraint (Butt joints)?

Degree of restraint (Butt joints) calculator uses Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87) to calculate the Degree of Restraint, The Degree of restraint (Butt joints) formula is defined as the amount of reaction stress for a unit transverse shrinkage. Degree of Restraint is denoted by k_s symbol.

How to calculate Degree of restraint (Butt joints) using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Degree of restraint (Butt joints), enter Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint (S) & Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint (S_res) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Degree of restraint (Butt joints) calculation can be explained with given input values -> 647.3872 = ((1000/86)*((0.1/0.004)-1))^(1/0.87).

FAQ

What is Degree of restraint (Butt joints)?

The Degree of restraint (Butt joints) formula is defined as the amount of reaction stress for a unit transverse shrinkage and is represented as k_s = ((1000/86)*((S/S_res)-1))^(1/0.87) or Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87). Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint is shrinkage produced when there is no restriction on the joint & Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint is shrinkage produced when the mobility of the joint was restricted.

How to calculate Degree of restraint (Butt joints)?

The Degree of restraint (Butt joints) formula is defined as the amount of reaction stress for a unit transverse shrinkage is calculated using Degree of Restraint = ((1000/86)*((Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint/Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint)-1))^(1/0.87). To calculate Degree of restraint (Butt joints), you need Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint (S) & Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint (S_res). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Transverse Shrinkage of Unrestrained Joint & Transverse Shrinkage of Restrained Joint and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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