Normal of Reflecting Plane Calculator

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Wave Propagation

Antenna Theory Parameters

Special Antennas

✖Wavelength is the distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in the adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire.ⓘ Wavelength [λ]			+10% -10%
✖Theta is an angle that can be defined as the figure formed by two rays meeting at a common endpoint.ⓘ Theta [θ]			+10% -10%

✖Normal of reflecting plane also called the incidence plane or the meridional plane.ⓘ Normal of Reflecting Plane [λ_n]

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Formula

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Normal of Reflecting Plane

Formula

`"λ"_{"n"} = "λ"/cos("θ")`

Example

`"103.923m"="90m"/cos("30°")`

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Normal of Reflecting Plane Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta)
λ_n = λ/cos(θ)
This formula uses 1 Functions, 3 Variables

Functions Used

cos - Cosine of an angle is the ratio of the side adjacent to the angle to the hypotenuse of the triangle., cos(Angle)

Variables Used

Normal of Reflecting Plane - (Measured in Meter) - Normal of reflecting plane also called the incidence plane or the meridional plane.
Wavelength - (Measured in Meter) - Wavelength is the distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in the adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire.
Theta - (Measured in Radian) - Theta is an angle that can be defined as the figure formed by two rays meeting at a common endpoint.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Wavelength: 90 Meter --> 90 Meter No Conversion Required
Theta: 30 Degree --> 0.5235987755982 Radian (Check conversion here)

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

λ_n = λ/cos(θ) --> 90/cos(0.5235987755982)

Evaluating ... ...

λ_n = 103.923048454133

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

103.923048454133 Meter --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

103.923048454133 ≈ 103.923 Meter <-- Normal of Reflecting Plane

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Created by Shobhit Dimri

Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology (BTKIT), Dwarahat

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Birsa Institute of Technology (BIT), Sindri

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< 16 Wave Propagation Calculators

Field Strength of Space Wave

Go Field Strength = (4*pi*Electric Field*Height of Receiving Antenna*Height of Transmitting Antenna)/(Wavelength*Antenna Distance^2)

Skin Depth or Depth of Penetration

Go Skin Depth = 1/Conductivity of Antenna*sqrt(pi*Relative Permeability*[Permeability-vacuum]*Frequency of Conductor Loop)

Phase Difference between Radio Waves

Go Phase Difference = 4*pi*Height of Receiving Antenna*Height of Transmitting Antenna/(Antenna Distance*Wavelength)

Height of Layer

Go Ionospheric Layer Height = Skip Distance/(2*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1))

Maximum Usable Frequency

Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency*sqrt(1+(Skip Distance/(2*Ionospheric Layer Height))^2)

Propagation Distance

Go Skip Distance = 2*Ionospheric Layer Height*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency^2/Critical Frequency^2)-1)

Line of Sight

Go Line of Sight = 3577*(sqrt(Height of Receiving Antenna)+sqrt(Height of Transmitting Antenna))

Skip Distance

Go Skip Distance = 2*Reflection Height*sqrt((Maximum Usable Frequency/Critical Frequency)^2-1)

Refractive Index of Ionosphere

Go Refractive Index = sqrt(1-((81*Electron Density)/Operating Frequency^2))

Maximum Usable Frequency in F-region

Go Maximum Usable Frequency = Critical Frequency/cos(Angle of Incidence)

Normal of Reflecting Plane

Go Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta)

Wavelength of Plane

Go Wavelength = Normal of Reflecting Plane*cos(Theta)

Parallel of Reflecting Plane

Go Parallel of Reflecting = Wavelength/sin(Theta)

Electron Density

Go Electron Density = ((1-Refractive Index^2)*Operating Frequency^2)/81

Critical Frequency of Ionosphere

Go Critical Frequency of Ionosphere = 9*sqrt(Electron Density)

Antenna Beamwidth

Go Antenna Beamwidth = (70*Wavelength)/Antenna Diameter

Normal of Reflecting Plane Formula

Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta)
λ_n = λ/cos(θ)

What is Rectangular Waveguide?

A rectangular waveguide is a conducting cylinder of rectangular cross section used to guide the propagation of waves.

How to Calculate Normal of Reflecting Plane?

Normal of Reflecting Plane calculator uses Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta) to calculate the Normal of Reflecting Plane, The Normal of Reflecting Plane formula is defined as is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation. Normal of Reflecting Plane is denoted by λ_n symbol.

How to calculate Normal of Reflecting Plane using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Normal of Reflecting Plane, enter Wavelength (λ) & Theta (θ) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Normal of Reflecting Plane calculation can be explained with given input values -> 103.923 = 90/cos(0.5235987755982).

FAQ

What is Normal of Reflecting Plane?

The Normal of Reflecting Plane formula is defined as is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation and is represented as λ_n = λ/cos(θ) or Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta). Wavelength is the distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in the adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire & Theta is an angle that can be defined as the figure formed by two rays meeting at a common endpoint.

How to calculate Normal of Reflecting Plane?

The Normal of Reflecting Plane formula is defined as is the plane which contains the surface normal and the propagation vector of the incoming radiation is calculated using Normal of Reflecting Plane = Wavelength/cos(Theta). To calculate Normal of Reflecting Plane, you need Wavelength (λ) & Theta (θ). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Wavelength & Theta and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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