Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process Calculator

✖Latent Heat of Vaporization is a thermodynamic property that describes the amount of energy required to change a substance from its liquid phase to its gaseous phase.ⓘ Latent Heat of Vaporization [λ]			+10% -10%
✖Vapor Density is defined as the ratio of mass to the volume of vapor at particular temperature.ⓘ Vapor Density [ρ_Vapor]			+10% -10%
✖Interfacial Tension, also known as surface tension, is a property of the interface between two immiscible substances, such as a liquid and a gas or two different liquids.ⓘ Interfacial Tension [σ]			+10% -10%
✖Fluid Density in Heat Transfer is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.ⓘ Fluid Density in Heat Transfer [ρ_f]			+10% -10%

✖Maximum heat flux refers to the highest rate of heat transfer per unit area that can be achieved in a particular system or situation.ⓘ Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process [q_max]

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Formula

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Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process

Formula

`"q"_{"max"} = (pi/24)*"λ"*"ρ"_{"Vapor"}*("σ"*("[g]"/"ρ"_{"Vapor"}^2)*("ρ"_{"f"}-"ρ"_{"Vapor"}))^(1/4)*(("ρ"_{"f"}+"ρ"_{"Vapor"})/("ρ"_{"f"}))^(1/2)`

Example

`"176816.9W/m²"=(pi/24)*"200001J/kg"*"1.71kg/m³"*("0.0728N/m"*("[g]"/("1.71kg/m³")^2)*("995kg/m³"-"1.71kg/m³"))^(1/4)*(("995kg/m³"+"1.71kg/m³")/("995kg/m³"))^(1/2)`

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Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process Solution

STEP 0: Pre-Calculation Summary

Formula Used

Maximum Heat Flux = (pi/24)*Latent Heat of Vaporization*Vapor Density*(Interfacial Tension*([g]/Vapor Density^2)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Vapor Density))^(1/4)*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer+Vapor Density)/(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer))^(1/2)
q_max = (pi/24)*λ*ρ_Vapor*(σ*([g]/ρ_Vapor^2)*(ρ_f-ρ_Vapor))^(1/4)*((ρ_f+ρ_Vapor)/(ρ_f))^(1/2)
This formula uses 2 Constants, 5 Variables

Constants Used

[g] - Gravitational acceleration on Earth Value Taken As 9.80665
pi - Archimedes' constant Value Taken As 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288

Variables Used

Maximum Heat Flux - (Measured in Watt per Square Meter) - Maximum heat flux refers to the highest rate of heat transfer per unit area that can be achieved in a particular system or situation.
Latent Heat of Vaporization - (Measured in Joule per Kilogram) - Latent Heat of Vaporization is a thermodynamic property that describes the amount of energy required to change a substance from its liquid phase to its gaseous phase.
Vapor Density - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - Vapor Density is defined as the ratio of mass to the volume of vapor at particular temperature.
Interfacial Tension - (Measured in Newton per Meter) - Interfacial Tension, also known as surface tension, is a property of the interface between two immiscible substances, such as a liquid and a gas or two different liquids.
Fluid Density in Heat Transfer - (Measured in Kilogram per Cubic Meter) - Fluid Density in Heat Transfer is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.

STEP 1: Convert Input(s) to Base Unit

Latent Heat of Vaporization: 200001 Joule per Kilogram --> 200001 Joule per Kilogram No Conversion Required
Vapor Density: 1.71 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 1.71 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required
Interfacial Tension: 0.0728 Newton per Meter --> 0.0728 Newton per Meter No Conversion Required
Fluid Density in Heat Transfer: 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter --> 995 Kilogram per Cubic Meter No Conversion Required

STEP 2: Evaluate Formula

Substituting Input Values in Formula

q_max = (pi/24)*λ*ρ_Vapor*(σ*([g]/ρ_Vapor^2)*(ρ_f-ρ_Vapor))^(1/4)*((ρ_f+ρ_Vapor)/(ρ_f))^(1/2) --> (pi/24)*200001*1.71*(0.0728*([g]/1.71^2)*(995-1.71))^(1/4)*((995+1.71)/(995))^(1/2)

Evaluating ... ...

q_max = 176816.89108671

STEP 3: Convert Result to Output's Unit

176816.89108671 Watt per Square Meter --> No Conversion Required

FINAL ANSWER

176816.89108671 ≈ 176816.9 Watt per Square Meter <-- Maximum Heat Flux

(Calculation completed in 00.004 seconds)

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Created by Rishi Vadodaria

Malviya National Institute Of Technology (MNIT JAIPUR ), JAIPUR

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< 19 Heat Transfer Coefficient in Heat Exchangers Calculators

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Condensation Outside Horizontal Tubes

Go Average Condensation Coefficient = 0.95*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Density of Vapor)*([g]/Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)*(Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger*Length of Tube in Heat Exchanger/Mass Flowrate in Heat Exchanger))^(1/3))*(Number of Tubes in Vertical Row of Exchanger^(-1/6))

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Condensation Inside Vertical Tubes

Go Average Condensation Coefficient = 0.926*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer/Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Density of Vapor)*[g]*(pi*Pipe Inner Diameter in Exchanger*Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger/Mass Flowrate in Heat Exchanger))^(1/3)

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Condensation Outside Vertical Tubes

Go Average Condensation Coefficient = 0.926*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer/Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Density of Vapor)*[g]*(pi*Pipe Outer Dia*Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger/Mass Flowrate in Heat Exchanger))^(1/3)

Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process

Go Maximum Heat Flux = (pi/24)*Latent Heat of Vaporization*Vapor Density*(Interfacial Tension*([g]/Vapor Density^2)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Vapor Density))^(1/4)*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer+Vapor Density)/(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer))^(1/2)

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Subcooling Inside Vertical Tubes

Go Inside Subcooling Coefficient = 7.5*(4*(Mass Flowrate in Heat Exchanger/(Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature*Pipe Inner Diameter in Exchanger*pi))*((Specific Heat Capacity*Fluid Density in Heat Transfer^2*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger^2)/Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature))^(1/3)

Heat Transfer Coefficient with Tube Loading for Condensation Outside Horizontal Tubes

Go Average Condensation Coefficient = 0.95*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Density of Vapor)*([g])/(Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature*Horizontal Tube Loading))^(1/3))*(Number of Tubes in Vertical Row of Exchanger^(-1/6))

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Subcooling Outside Horizontal Tubes

Go Subcooling Coefficient = 116*((Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger^3)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer/Pipe Outer Dia)*(Specific Heat Capacity/Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)*Thermal Expansion Coefficient for Fluid*(Film Temperature-Bulk Fluid Temperature))^0.25

Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient

Go Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient = Heat Transfer Factor*Reynold Number for Fluid*(Prandlt Number for Fluid^0.333)*(Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger/Equivalent Diameter in Heat Exchanger)*(Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Tube Wall Temperature)^0.14

Heat Transfer Coefficient with Tube Loading for Condensation Outside Vertical Tubes

Go Average Condensation Coefficient = 0.926*Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Density of Vapor)*[g]/((Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature*Outer Tube Loading)))^(1/3)

Heat Transfer Coefficient with Tube Loading for Condensation Inside Vertical Tubes

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Plate Heat Exchanger

Go Plate Film Coefficient = 0.26*(Thermal Conductivity in Heat Exchanger/Equivalent Diameter in Heat Exchanger)*(Reynold Number for Fluid^0.65)*(Prandlt Number for Fluid^0.4)*(Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature/Fluid Viscosity at Tube Wall Temperature)^0.14

Heat Transfer Coefficient for Water in Tube Side in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

Go Tube Side Heat Transfer Coefficient = 4200*(1.35+0.02*(Water Temperature))*(Fluid Velocity in Heat Exchanger^0.8)/(Pipe Inner Diameter in Exchanger)^0.2

Vertical Tube Loading for Inside Condensation

Go Tube Loading = Condensate Flow/(Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger*pi*Pipe Inner Diameter in Exchanger)

Vertical Tube Loading for Outside Condensation

Go Outer Tube Loading = Condensate Flow/(Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger*pi*Pipe Outer Dia)

Length of Tubes in Horizontal Condenser given Tube Loading and Condensate Flowrate

Go Length of Tube in Heat Exchanger = Condensate Flow/(Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger*Horizontal Tube Loading)

Number of Tubes in Horizontal Condenser given Condensate Flowrate and Tube Loading

Go Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger = Condensate Flow/(Horizontal Tube Loading*Length of Tube in Heat Exchanger)

Horizontal Tube Loading for Outside Condensation

Go Horizontal Tube Loading = Condensate Flow/(Number of Tubes in Heat Exchanger*Length of Tube in Heat Exchanger)

Reynolds Number for Condensate Film given Tube Loading

Go Reynolds Number for Condensate Film = (4*Tube Loading)/(Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)

Vertical Tube Loading given Reynolds Number for Condensate Film

Go Tube Loading = (Reynolds Number for Condensate Film*Fluid Viscosity at Average Temperature)/4

Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process Formula

What is Evaporation?

Evaporation is the process by which a liquid turns into vapor or gas when it is exposed to heat or when the molecules in the liquid gain enough energy to escape into the surrounding air. This typically happens at the liquid's surface.
As the liquid molecules absorb heat energy, they become more energetic and move faster, eventually breaking free from the liquid's surface and entering the air as vapor.

What is significance of Heat Flux in Evaporation?

Evaporation is an endothermic process, which means it requires the input of heat energy to convert a liquid into vapor. Heat flux quantifies the rate at which this energy is transferred per unit area. Without an adequate heat flux, evaporation cannot occur efficiently because there won't be enough energy to break the bonds between liquid molecules and turn them into vapor.

How to Calculate Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process?

Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process calculator uses Maximum Heat Flux = (pi/24)*Latent Heat of Vaporization*Vapor Density*(Interfacial Tension*([g]/Vapor Density^2)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Vapor Density))^(1/4)*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer+Vapor Density)/(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer))^(1/2) to calculate the Maximum Heat Flux, The Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process formula is defined as rate at which a substance can be converted from a liquid to a vapor as it evaporates during the process. Maximum Heat Flux is denoted by q_max symbol.

How to calculate Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process using this online calculator? To use this online calculator for Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process, enter Latent Heat of Vaporization (λ), Vapor Density (ρ_Vapor), Interfacial Tension (σ) & Fluid Density in Heat Transfer (ρ_f) and hit the calculate button. Here is how the Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process calculation can be explained with given input values -> 176816.9 = (pi/24)*200001*1.71*(0.0728*([g]/1.71^2)*(995-1.71))^(1/4)*((995+1.71)/(995))^(1/2).

FAQ

What is Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process?

The Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process formula is defined as rate at which a substance can be converted from a liquid to a vapor as it evaporates during the process and is represented as q_max = (pi/24)*λ*ρ_Vapor*(σ*([g]/ρ_Vapor^2)*(ρ_f-ρ_Vapor))^(1/4)*((ρ_f+ρ_Vapor)/(ρ_f))^(1/2) or Maximum Heat Flux = (pi/24)*Latent Heat of Vaporization*Vapor Density*(Interfacial Tension*([g]/Vapor Density^2)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Vapor Density))^(1/4)*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer+Vapor Density)/(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer))^(1/2). Latent Heat of Vaporization is a thermodynamic property that describes the amount of energy required to change a substance from its liquid phase to its gaseous phase, Vapor Density is defined as the ratio of mass to the volume of vapor at particular temperature, Interfacial Tension, also known as surface tension, is a property of the interface between two immiscible substances, such as a liquid and a gas or two different liquids & Fluid Density in Heat Transfer is defined as the ratio of mass of given fluid with respect to the volume that it occupies.

How to calculate Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process?

The Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process formula is defined as rate at which a substance can be converted from a liquid to a vapor as it evaporates during the process is calculated using Maximum Heat Flux = (pi/24)*Latent Heat of Vaporization*Vapor Density*(Interfacial Tension*([g]/Vapor Density^2)*(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer-Vapor Density))^(1/4)*((Fluid Density in Heat Transfer+Vapor Density)/(Fluid Density in Heat Transfer))^(1/2). To calculate Maximum Heat Flux in Evaporation Process, you need Latent Heat of Vaporization (λ), Vapor Density (ρ_Vapor), Interfacial Tension (σ) & Fluid Density in Heat Transfer (ρ_f). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Latent Heat of Vaporization, Vapor Density, Interfacial Tension & Fluid Density in Heat Transfer and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input(s) and the Output as well.

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